Panchagavya is an organic formulation from cow products and probably the greatest strength of traditional agriculture. This paper draws a review on its application, efficacy, and advantages against the backdrop of chemical fertilizers. The uses of panchagavya in agriculture are varied, such as in seed treatment, foliar spray, and soil application. The nutrient-rich composition of Panchagavya promotes plant growth, enhances fertility of the soil, and improves the microbial population in the soil, ultimately leading to sustainable agriculture. Studies indicate that crops treated with Panchagavya have yields either at par or even higher than those treated with chemical fertilizers, coupled with an improved health of its soil and reduced environmental impact. Cost analysis indicates that Panchagavya is cheaper in that it can be prepared on-farm with locally available materials, whereas chemical fertilizers are purchased and transported expensively. Panchagavya ensures minimal soil and water pollution, unlike chemical fertilizers, which have acidified, salinized, and contaminated the soil. Notwithstanding these advantages, it still has disadvantage regarding standardization and labor-intensive preparation procedures. This review concludes that Panchagavya has immense potential for sustainable agriculture; it is hoped that this organic fertilizer can offer a feasible and eco-friendly solution to chemical fertilizers and hence provide support to the global trend in organic farming and conservation of the environment.